IEC TR 60034-16-2:1991 pdf free download.Rotating electrical machines – Part 16: Excitation systems for synchronous machines – Chapter 2: Models for power system studies.
When the behaviour of synchronous machines is to be accurately simulated in power system stability studies, the excitation systems of these machines should be modelled adequately. Since expenditure for data acquisition, programming and computation has to be limited in so far as is permissible, it Is necessary to use simplified models that provide reasonable accuracy. The models should adequately represent the actual excitation system performance:
– during steady-state conditions prior to occurrence of the fault studied;
– during the time interval from application to clearing of the fault;
– during the oscillations following fault dearing.
The modelling does not account for frequency deviations. It is assumed that in stability studies frequency deviations of up to ±5 % from the rated frequency can be neglected as far as the excitation system Is cOncerned.
The excitation system models should be valid for steady-state conditions, for the natural oscillation frequency of the synchronous machines. and the frequency range in between. The frequency range to be covered will typically be from 0 Hz to 3 Hz.
Analysis of out-of-step operation, of sub-synchronous resonance or of shaft torsional ettects is beyond the scope of these models.
The operation of protective functions and field discharge or suppression equipment is also beyond the scope of these models.
The excitation system modelling guidelines and standard models may also be used for studies of other dynamic problems regarding synchronous machines. However, the models should then be checked to determiM their suitability for that purpose.
This report recommends modelling guidelines and appropriate models for excitation systems for use in power system stability studies and includes a nomenclature defining the parameters and variables used.

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