BS 4485-4:1996 pdf free download.Water cooling towers – Code of practice for structural design and construction.
1.1 Scope
This Part of BS 4485 gives recommendations for the structural design and construction of water cooling towers of the following type:
a)type 1. Natural draught or assisted draught towers, in which the total air flow is wholly or partly induced by a reinforced concrete shell of hyperboloidal form;
b)type 2. Mechanical draught towers, in which the total air flow is induced wholly by mechanical means withim an enclosed structure.
It applies only to those cooling towers constructed or erected on site and excludes factory assembled towers. In addition, matters relating to construction and workmanship in concrete and other materials are dealt with only in so far as they are specific to cooling tower construction. Other items of construction are referred to in appropriate specifications.
1.10 Foundations and bases
1.10.1 Foundations
he foundations should be designed in accordance with BS 8004.
IDifferentiall settlements within the foundations that support cooling tower shells (type 1 towers ) should be minimized.
Attention should be paid to the potential differential movements between the shell support, pond and packing support foundations owing to their different intensities of loading and/or different foundation type.
In derivation of foundation design parameters the potentially saturated ground conditions around and under cooling towers should be taken into account.
BS 4485-4:1996 pdf download
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