API Publ 4716:2002 pdf download.Buried Pressurized Piping Systems Leak Detection Guide
Because of the complex physical configuration and unique operational characteristics of buried pressurized piping systems found in petroleum product terminals and airport hydrant fueling systems, proven leak detection technologies have not previously been available. However, within the last few years, several technology vendors and companies have worked to develop and improve leak detection technologies for these unique piping systems. The purpose of this Study was to assess the success of their efforts to date. In 1997, the American Petroleum Institute (API) and the Air Transport Association of America (ATA) formed a joint Leak Detection Committee to review the new generation of leak detection technologies for potential application to petroleum product terminal piping as well as the hydrant fueling systems at airports. The Leak Detection Committee defined its goals as follows: ÒIdentify and evaluate reliable leak detection technologies that are currently commercially available and cost-effective for buried piping associated with airport hydrant fueling systems and petroleum product terminals.”
As noted above, the Study addressed the applicability of currently available leak detection technologies for pressurized piping systems at petroleum product terminals and airport hydrant fueling systems. In general terms, such piping systems contain petroleum hydrocarbon fuels with a specific gravity range between 0.65 and 0.85, and operate within a pressure range of 50 to 200 PSIG at flow rates between 100 and 20,000 gpm. Piping volume ranges from ten thousand to one million gallons. The petroleum product terminals and airport hydrant fueling systems that were the subject of the Study typically have a combination of aboveground and underground piping systems consisting of pumps, filters, meters, pipes, and fittings. The focus of the Study was to address the application of leak detection technologies to the underground piping within these facilities. In most cases, the underground piping is composed of transfer or distribution lines ranging in size from 6 to 30-inch piping. While slight variations may exist in system materials and methods of construction, the majority of the piping is composed of carbon steel with welded (or bolted flanged) joints meeting ASTM – A53, ASTM – A106 or API-5L specifications.
A significant element of this Study was the testing of technologies on operational buried piping systems under field conditions. The existing airport hydrant fueling system at Kansas City Mid-Continent International Airport (MCI) in Kansas City, Missouri was utilized. The facility at MCI was selected in large part because the piping systems are representative of the buried pressurized piping systems found at both petroleum product terminals and airport hydrant fueling systems. In addition, MCI was chosen because the fueling system has redundant lines that allowed certain lines to be isolated for the Study testing while others were maintained for airport operations.
API Publ 4716:2002 pdf download
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