Dealing with carburize case hardened gear distortion and growth is a challenge for the global gear industry.
Attempts started in 1978 with computer programs to calculate distortion and growth, plus residual stress
distributions for a gear and evolved by gathering distortion data for a wide range of sizes, shapes, grinding
allowances with trends for different geometries. A spread sheet program with gear dimensional input,
calculates the distortions and growths， and then calculates the modified dimensions for required
protuberance and the minimum carburized case depth. Case histories ilustrate the consequences of various
geometries and future developments are discussed.
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