ANSI HPS-N13.49-2001 pdf download Health Physics Society
3.1.1.1 Radiation Level Surveys A successful radiological control program at any facility or operation contains several key elements that are used to monitor the workplace and to reduce radiation exposure. The purpose of radiation level (or dose rate) surveys is to characterize workplace conditions, identify areas and materials that require radiological posting or labeling, support activities specified in radiological work permits (job coverage) , and provide information about external radiation sources, including radiation producing equipment. These surveys are also performed to identify areas that require additional shielding or application of other dose reduction techniques. Workplace radiation level surveys include measurements of both the general area and at contact with potential sources of radiation.
3.1.1.2 Surface Contamination Surveys The detection and control of surface contamination is an integral part of a radiological control program and provides an indication of the effectiveness of engineering controls and proper work practices in preventing the release of radioactive materials. Radioactive contamination, if undetected or not properly controlled, can result in contamination of personnel, facilities and equipment. It may also spread to other parts of a facility and interfere with proper facility operations, it may result in inhalation, ingestion, or other personnel internal exposure to radioactivity, and it may spread into the environment.
Surface contamination surveys incorporate techniques to assess both total and removable surface contamination levels. Surface scans identify areas of elevated direct radiation levels that may be indicative of surface contamination. Direct measurements of surface activity are performed to quantify surface contamination levels at systematic and biased locations—e.g., at locations of elevated direct radiation levels as identified by surface scans. Smear surveys are performed to provide a semi-quantitative assessment of removable contamination, and typically cover an area of 100 cm 2 . Large area smears (up to 1000 cm 2 and greater) may be performed to qualitatively assess the level of removable contamination on building surfaces and equipment.
3.1.1.3 Airborne Radioactivity Monitoring Airborne radioactivity monitoring is performed to detect and quantify airborne radioactive material concentrations to limit and prevent internal exposure, to provide an indication of the effectiveness of engineering controls and proper work practices in preventing the spread of contamination, and to support the selection of appropriate protective equipment.
ANSI HPS-N13.49-2001 pdf download
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