API RP 68:1998 pdf download.Recommended Practice for Oil and Gas Well Servicing and Workover Operations Involving Hydrogen Sulfide
The petroleum industry, through many years of research and operating experience, has developed guidelines and stan- dards for safe operations under conditions involving hydro- gen sulfide. Continuing industry efforts, which include planning, prudent selection and layout of equipment, prudent selection of materials, operating and emergency procedures, specialized safety equipment, and appropriate personnel training, have contributed to successful and safe operations. Effective response to emergencies requires prior planning. Good engineering practice (engineering and administrative controls) dictates that operations systems be designed to min- imize exposure of personnel and the public to hydrogen sul- fide and sulfur dioxide.
1 Scope
Recommendations set forth in this publication apply to oil and gas well servicing and workover operations involving hydrogen sulfide. These operations include well completion, servicing, workover, downhole maintenance, and plug and abandonment procedures conducted with hydrogen sulfide present in the fluids being handled. Coverage of this publica- tion is applicable to operations confined to the original well- bore or original total depth and applies to the selection of materials for installation or use in the well and in the well ser- vicing operation(s). The presence of hydrogen sulfide in these operations also presents the possibility of exposure to sulfur dioxide from the combustion of hydrogen sulfide. Refer to Section 5 for applicability of this standard. This standard addresses personnel training, personnel pro- tective equipment, contingency planning and emergency pro- cedures, classification of locations, materials and equipment, operations, rig practices, special operations, offshore opera- tions, characteristics of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide, and evaluation and selection of hydrogen sulfide monitoring equipment.
4.1 PERSONNEL AND EQUIPMENT PROTECTION
In oil and gas well servicing/workover operations, severity of the environment shall be assessed. As a minimum, the fol- lowing measures shall be implemented: a. Personnel protection should be provided if the work area concentration of hydrogen sulfide (refer to 3.2.8) exceeds 10 ppm 8-hour time weighted average (TWA) or 15 ppm as a short term exposure level (STEL) averaged over 15 minutes (refer to Appendix A); or the work area concentration of sul- fur dioxide (refer to 4.16) exceeds 2 ppm as an 8-hour TWA or 5 ppm as a STEL averaged over 15 minutes (refer to Appendix B). Personnel safety provisions of this publication do not apply when: 1. the atmospheric concentration of hydrogen sulfide could not exceed 10 ppm (by volume) in the breathing zone; or 2. the atmospheric concentration of sulfur dioxide could not exceed 2 ppm (by volume) in the breathing zone. b. Equipment and materials shall be selected on the basis of resistance to sulfide stress cracking and corrosion. Refer to NACE Standard MR0175 for recommendations for selection of equipment and materials.
API RP 68:1998 pdf download
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